hat is 
The Salvation Army? 


An Interpretation 
Of Its Aims, (eth. 
ods and (Ictivihes 


Flathoriced and Published ByThe 


§ astern Territorial Headquarters 
New YorRK Curry 





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What ts 
The Salvation Arm 1y? 


An Interpretation 
OF Its Aims, (Heth 
ods and (ctivities. 


Authorized and Published ByThe 


Gastern Terrttorial Headquarters 
NE we YORK CrTry 


S. A. Print 
New York 
1924 


Omen Nae eke Bae NBD) 


INTRODUCTION 
1. Character and Purposes - - . . 
2. Historical Sketch  - - - : 


3. Commissioned Personnel—Their Origin, Training and 
Degrees of Rank - - : : 2 


4, Plan of Organization and Administration—Legal 
Status—Citizens’ Advisory Boards - - - 


5. The Religious Work - L s K 
6. The Social Service Work - : : . 
For Men 
For Women 


For Children 
Of General Appeal 


7. Miscellaneous Activities = & A 3 
8. Finances ° : - fy % 4 


9. Publications—List of Books and Pamphlets for Ref- 
erence and Study - - 3 : 


ADDENDA—Directory and Statistics 


22 


32 


39 


49 


63 


71 


78 


O Lord, Thou art our Father; 
we are the clay, and Thou our pot- 
ter; and we all are the work of 
Thy hand.—Isaiah. 


WuatT 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 5 


INTRODUCTION 


The Salvation Army takes pleasure in presenting to 


the public this interpretive statement of its aims, methods 
and purposes, hoping thus to help all those who are 


sincerely desirous of understanding and adequately eval- 
uating its contribution to the religious, social and eco- 
nomic life of the United States. 


The Salvation Army is unique in that it numbers 
among its friends many who are willing to take its 
worth for granted. Because they feel confident of its 
motives, these generous men and women frequently ap- 
prove its methods and activities without necessarily 
knowing much about them. On the other hand, we are 
occasionally subjected to criticism by citizens who are 
equally honest in their point of view but similarly unin- 
formed as to our peculiar field of operations and our 
reasons for approaching it as we do. We are human 
enough to enjoy the unquestioning approval of our 
friends; and we hope we are intelligent enough to heed 
the helpful and constructive suggestions of our critics. 
But, whether it be praise or blame, we prefer that it be 
based upon a full knowledge of our ultimate purposes 
and a complete grasp of our wide range of religious and 


humanitarian service. 


6 WHat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 


We have endeavored in the following chapters to 
sub-divide our material in such a way as to serve the 
convenience of every reader, whether he should wish to 
absorb the whole story or merely to seek information on 
some particular phase or aspect. We hope that the 
reader will find herein enough of fact to make the booklet 
truly informative, and enough of explanation to make it 


in some degree interesting. 


The fact that there is urgent need for such a book- 
let gives us further cause for gratitude to God in assuring 
us of the ever increasing interest on the part of the 
American people in the work we are endeavoring to do. 
We fervently pray that as an organization we may be 
divinely guided into still wider fields of service and use- 


fulness. 


New York City 
October 
1924 





WuatT 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? ”Y 





Character and Purposes 


O organization or enterprise has ever been 
N granted a broader charter than that em- 
bodied in the certificate of incorporation, 
issued by the State of New York in 1899, from 
which The Salvation Army derives its legal 
existence in the United States. 

This charter defines The Salvation Army as 
an organization “designed to operate as a re- 

Pets ligious and charitable corpora- 
As Recognizea tion in all the States and Terri- 

eee tories of the United States,” 
and enumerates the following as its pur- 
poses: the spiritual, moral and physical 
reformation of all who need it; the 
reclamation of the vicious, criminal, dis- 
solute and degraded; visitation among 
the poor and lowly and sick, and the preaching 
of the Gospel and the dissemination of Chris- 
tian truth by means of open-air and indoor 
meetings. The Act of Incorporation further 
authorizes the establishment of a wide variety 


8 Wuat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 


of homes, bureaus and institutions within the 
scope of these general purposes, and the main- 
tenance of such business activities and rela- 
tionships as are essential so long as the profits 
or proceeds, if any, are devoted exclusively to 
religious and humanitarian pursuits. 

As indicated in this legal definition, and as 
clearly set forth in every section of the Act, 
the ultimate purpose of all Salvation Army 
activities is to lead men and women into a 
proper understanding of their relationship to 
God, with particular regard for the erring, 
the bewildered and the unfortunate. It en- 
deavors to accomplish this through the teach- 
ing and practice of the religion of Christ. It 
is an evangelical organization, with a military 
form of government, including a vast and 
diversified system of social service. 

Its spiritual purpose is paramount. 
Founded originally for the religious enlight- 

posh enment of the masses, its pri- 
An Expression mary and persistent aim-still is 

oO batts to proclaim and _ exemplify, 
through song, word and deed, the regenerating 
and revitalizing message of the Scriptures. 





Wuat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 9 


The Social Service Work is supplementary. As 
far-reaching as is its program of temporal re- 
lief, including hospitals, nurseries, homes, 
charity bureaus, and a host of other activities 
and institutions, it should be recognized as a 
manifestation, an expression, or a practical 
application of the dominating spiritual motive. 

Knowledge of this relationship between its 
two functions is essential to a proper and 
complete understanding of the organization. 
It does not mean that the giving of relief in 
specific cases is contingent upon the accep- 
tance of a certain creed of theology, or that 
material assistance is withheld from those 
who hesitate or decline to accept spiritual ad- 
vice or guidance. Relief is freely given when- 
ever and wherever the need is apparent. It 
does mean that The Salvation Army aims at 
the permanent regeneration of the “whole 
man,” not merely at the gratification of his 
immediate and temporary physical necessities. 
Through spiritual exhortation, and an earnest 
appeal to his better nature, it aims not only to 
put him back on his feet, but to keep him 
there. 


10 WuatT 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 


The Salvation Army teaches God as Love. 
It believes that Charity, to be permanently re- 
constructive, must be understood as the benefi- 
cence of God. Therefore, it wants its charity 
recognized, not merely as the doling of alms, 
in response to a sentimental impulse, but as 
Love in Motion, Christianity in Action. 

This principle is observable in every activ- 
ity and branch of endeavor. It must be kept 
constantly in mind if the aim of any phase of 
The Salvation Army is to be accurately ap- 
praised and appreciated. 


WHat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 11 





Historical Sketch 


HE most impressive fact about the 
history of The Salvation Army is 
the short span of time it embraces. 
The organization has developed rapidly 
into a moral force of world-wide influence, 
flourishing in eighty-one countries and 
colonies, and in every city of importance 
in the United States. Yet it was only fifty- 
nine years ago that its humble foundations 
were laid in the East End of London, and only 
forty-four years ago that its flag was first 
planted in America. 
It began in 1865 in a small headquarters 
building in Whitechapel Road, London, under 
the name of the Christian Mis- 
a Mission; Later Sion. It was not until 1877 that 
BiG wel ihe military form of government 
was adopted and the name changed to The 
Salvation Army; and it was then that the 
Founder, William Booth, assumed the title of 
General. General Booth had been ordained 


12 Wuat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 


aS a minister in the Methodist Church in 
1852, but, with his wife, Catherine Mumford 
Booth, had soon conceived the purpose of 
carrying the message of Christianity to those 
who would not voluntarily seek it. 

Although the General at first planned his 
work exclusively for the masses in the con- 
gested sections of London, his imagination 
was soon stirred by the thought of similar 
service elsewhere, and the first country to 
which the movement spread outside of the 
British Isles was the United States. 

A family named Shirley, who had been 
affiliated with the movement in England, emi- 
grated to the United States in 1879 and set- 
tled in the Kensington district of Philadelphia. 
The father was a carpet weaver, and, like so 
many others of his calling, had been attracted 
here by the prospect of bettering his economic 
condition. Having become ardent Salvation- 
ists at home, they found themselves spiritu- 
ally lonely in the new land. In letters to Gen- 
eral Booth, they described the opportunities 
here for evangelical work, having held a 
Series of meetings of their own accord, and 








WuatT 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 13 


begged him to send officers. At first the Gen- 
eral declined on the ground that the growing 
organization in England could spare no offi- 
cers. He urged the Shirleys themselves to 
continue the work they had started, and 
they held additional street meetings which 
proved successful both in point of attendance 
and results. Subsequent letters describing 
these successes so impressed the General that 
he made it his business to find available offi- 
cers to send. 
The first official party, commanded by Com- 
missioner George Scott Railton, and including 
Seven women officers, landed in 
Established 
In America New York in 1880. As soon as 
Hien they emerged from the Immigra- 
tion Station, at the Battery, which then oc- 
cupied the building now used as the City 
Aquarium, they held an open-air service in 
Battery Park. This meeting was intended by 
the Commissioner and his associates as a ser- 
vice of thanksgiving for their safe deliverance 
after a turbulent journey, but it also took its 
place in history as the first official open-air 
meeting of The Salvation Army in the United 
States. 


14 Wuat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 


— 


Once committed to a policy of expansion be- 
yond the boundaries of Great Britain, and 
satisfied that the expedition to the United 
States had been a success, the General lost no 
time in sending pioneering parties in many 
different directions. In 1881 the work was 
established in Australia and France; in 1882, 
in Switzerland, Sweden, India and Canada; 
in 1883, by a strange coincidence, in South 
Africa and Iceland; and in 1886, in Germany. 
Similar advances were made in the years im- 
mediately following, until the organization 
actually encircled the globe. 

Every step, from the beginning in the 
streets of London, entailed hardships of the 

bitterest kind. Everywhere the 
Hardships Fol- x : . 
lowed By “A uniformed preachers, with their 
Royal Welcome” : Z 

unusual methods, astonishing 
aggressiveness and spirit of adventure, were 
greeted with ridicule, impatience and misgiv- 
ing. But their zeal, their singleness of pur- 
pose, and their deeds of charity, by which they 
demonstrated the practicability of the doctrine 
they taught, carried them forward in face of 
all obstacles. How quickly the organization 








WuatT 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 15 


overcame prejudice and opposition in Europe, 
and became recognized as an influence to be 
accepted and reckoned with, is best attested 
by the fact that in 1904 General Booth was 
received at Buckingham Palace by King Ed- 
ward VII, and in 1907 by Their Majesties the 
Kings of Denmark and Niorway and the Queen 
of Sweden. 

In the meantime the pioneering party in 
the United States had made rapid progress. 
Three years after their arrival—their num- 
bers having been augmented by the enrollment 
of American recruits and the landing of ad- 
ditional parties from abroad—they had es- 
tablished the organization in New York, 
Philadelphia, Boston, Baltimore and _ §&t. 
Louis. 

In the Winter of 1885, Chicago, the 
future Headquarters of the Central Territory, 
which was to embrace the work in fifteen 
States, was invaded by a humble group who 
had no conception of the magnitude of the 
step they were taking. By this time 
Corps had been opened also in a score of 
smaller places, and the organization as a 


16 Wuat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 


whole, although suffering from want, financial 
limitations and popular misunderstanding, 
was already beginning to impress itself upon 
the people as a permanent force in the re- 
ligious and social life of the country. 

In addition to these conquests, San Fran- 
cisco had been added to the list in 1882 through 
the assignment of officers direct from In- 
ternational Headquarters. For a number of 
years these officers operated aS a separate 
unit, distinct from the organization in the 
East and the Middle West. Residents of Cali- 
fornia, hearing of the work in the East, had 
communicated with General Booth asking him 
to send officers, and he had found a way to 
respond. By the time this Western command 
was made a part of the American organization 
as a whole, it had established itself in all parts 
of California, in Washington and. Oregon, and 
in several of the mountain States. 

In 1886 the forthcoming recognition of the. 
organization by several of the Courts of 
Europe was anticipated at the Executive 
Mansion in Washington. Only six years after 
the memorable landing and open-air meeting 








WuatT 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 17 


at the Battery, in New York City, the Presi- 
dent of the United States—Grover Cleveland— 
bh i received a delegation of officers 

Reernnon at the White Hiouse and gave 

them his official and personal 
endorsement. Thus Mr. Cleveland was the 
first President to recognize The Salvation 
Army as a national force. Similar endorse- 
ments have been given by every President 
since. 

In 1904 the organization had developed to 
such proportions as to be able to send a dele- 
gation of 400 officers to the International Con- 
gress held in London in that year. Delega- 
tions were present from all parts of the world, 
and the aggregation from the United States, 
in numbers and in spirit, was an inspiration to 
all the others. 

In the same year, shortly after the Congress, 
Evangeline Booth, daughter of the Founder, 
and sister of the present General, was placed 
in command in the United States, which post 
she has held continuously to this day. Her 
personality, her talents as a platform orator 
and her aggressive, militant policies did an 


18 Wuat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 





inestimable degree of good in still further 
cementing the national solidity of The Army 
and in impressing its message and its purposes 
still more convincingly and profoundly upon 
the minds of the people. Her administration 
has been an era of continuous and diversified 
progress. 

The organization throughout the world was 
stunned on August 12th, 1912, when news of 

oH BN the death of General William 
Of The Booth, the Founder, was flashed 
Founder 
to the furthermost parts of the 
globe where his followers were at work. If 
halt there was, however, it was only tempo- 
rary, as the General had made an earnest plea, 
almost in his last breath, that operations 
should be pushed forward as though he were 
still in command. He was succeeded by the 
present General, Bramwell Booth, his eldest 
son. 

To see at a glance the further growth in the 
United States, following the advent of Com- 
mander Evangeline Booth, it is best to make 
a mental picture of the United States delega- 
tion to the second International Congress held 











Wuat Is THE SALVATION ARMY? 19 





in London in 1914, exactly ten years following 
the first Congress, and only a few months be- 
fore the outbreak of the World War. The 
delegation, this time headed by Miss Booth, 
was twice the size of the 1904 group, occupy- 
ing more than half the passenger list of the 
S.S. “Olympic.” The work had by that time 
become firmly established in every State in 
the Union, had virtually overcome the preju- 
dice which had handicapped it in the begin- 
ning, and was enjoying the official recognition 
and co-operation of public officials from the 
President down to the Mayors of the various 
communities. In the famous Crystal Palace 
auditorium, Miss Booth, as the spokesman for 
the delegation, thrilled her comrades from the 
four corners of the earth with her account of 
the almost incredible advances and conquests 
of the organization in America during a 
decade of progress and achievement. 

It has been aptly remarked that America 
“rediscovered” The Salvation Army during 
the World War. No one was more surprised 
by this reaction on the part of the people than 
the Salvationists themselves. Entering that 


20 WuHatT Is THE SALVATION ARMY? 





period in the same spirit of earnestness and 
humility with which they had performed their 
Meet. accustomed duties at home, they 
In The were not conscious of doing 
bre ity anything extraordinary in go- 
ing so close to the front lines and remaining 
there as long as the soldiers needed them. The 
women as well as the men had been in the 
habit of going straight to the source of any 
difficulty. They had never stood on the edge 
of a crowd and offered advice from a distance. 
Where there was trouble to be remedied, it 
was their habit to be in the middle of it. So 
in France they merely did what they had al- 
ways done in attacking other forms of distress 
at home. They quietly ascertained where the 
trouble was at its worst and then just as 
quietly went after it. 

Although The Army had won the hearts of 
the people through its routine work, and had 
demonstrated its capacity for meeting emer- 
gencies in the Spanish-American War, and in 
such national calamities as the San Francisco 
earthquake, its service to the common soldiers 
in the trenches in France seemed to awaken 





WHat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 21 





the nation to the fact that here was an organi- 
zation whose complete worth it had not quite 
fully appreciated. 

In recognition of the service of The Salva- 
tion Army during the war, President Wilson 
awarded Commander Booth the Distinguished 
Service Medal. 


22 Wuat 1s THe SALVATION ARMY? 





Commissioned Personnel—Their Origin, 
Training and Degrees of Rank 


HO are these people? Where did they 
come from? What were they before en- 
tering The Army? Have they had any system- 
atic training for religious and social service? 
These questions are asked wherever The 
Salvation Army is discussed, and only too fre- 
quently are the answers based upon nothing 
more substantial than speculation or conjec- 
ture. It is the purpose of this chapter to 
answer them accurately. 


The impression became quite prevalent 
years ago that the majority of Salvation Army 
Pete officers were persons who, under 
Misconception the stimulus of religious experi- 
arabes ence, had emerged from a more 
or less lurid past. For some reason or other 
they were identified with the environment in 
which most of their work was done and were 
looked upon as living examples of their own 
doctrine of reform and regeneration. At the 
same time they were regarded as well-inten- 





WuatT 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 23 





tioned men and women who depended entirely 
and exclusively upon religious zeal for the 
solution of social and economic problems that 
really required training of the most practical 
nature. 

This mistaken impression, which unfortu- 
nately persists to a certain degree to this day, 

pea first gained credence as a result 
Finding Its Own Of a misunderstanding of one 

mnverpre* of General Booth’s most pithy 
and memorable utterances. ‘‘Where are 
you going to get your officers?” one of his 
friends asked. Pointing to the surging throng 
on one of the most disreputable streets in Lon- 
don, the General replied: “There! Our offi- 
cers will come from these people.” The street 
abounded in public houses, billiard rooms and 
other centers of mischief, and the crowds 
passing back and forth were composed largely 
of the wayward, the irresponsible and the de- 
generate. 

So it was assumed that the General 
was depending upon that element as a source 
of supply. But he had in mind a far bigger 
thought. As he looked upon that sordid 


24 WHat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 


thoroughfare he saw more than the wayward 
and degenerate. He knew that in such an en- 
vironment, and in environments like it 
throughout the world, there were admirable 
men and women with capacities and aptitudes 
of which they were not aware; he knew that 
among these people he would find courage, 
sympathy, the impulse to serve; he knew that 
the undertaking he had in mind was so neces- 
sary, So right, and so urgent that, once set in 
motion, it would inevitably find its own inter- 
preters and champions. His prediction was 
fulfilled. The movement quickly gained ad- 
herents out of the common walks of life. They 
came from shops, from farms, from offices, 
from stores, finding in the new movement an 
opportunity to live a happier and more useful 
life in active service to others. Whatever they 
lacked in the way of educational advantages, 
or other preparation for the new work, was 
given them in The Salvation Army Training 
Schools which were soon established in cities 
where there were Territorial Headquarters. 

So varied was the work that in many cases 
they discovered that in addition to preaching 





WHAT Is THE SALVATION ARMY? 25 


the Gospel, they could utilize in the Social Ser- 
vice Work whatever talents they had depended 
upon to earn a living. Later, when the move- 
ment became better established, it attracted 
many people who had had the advantage of 
advanced education, and to-day the commis- 
sioned ranks include many college graduates, 
a considerable number of registered physi- 
clans and nurses, expert social workers, certi- 
fied accountants, experienced organizers, and 
others of either general or specialized train- 
ing. 

It is true that there are also among the 
commissioned officers some redeemed men, all 
of them splendid examples of the regenerative 
power of Christian truth, but they are so few 
in relation to the others as to be designated— 
in the military terminology of the organiza- 
tion—“trophies”—or extraordinary prizes 
wrested from the world of indulgence. 

Thus it will be seen that practically all of 
the people rescued by The Army are re-estab- 
lished in the social, business, or industrial 
life of the community, and that, while many of 
them retain membership in The Army, as they 


26 Wuat Is THE SALVATION ARMY? 








would in a church, the organization looks to 
other sources for its principal supply of com- 
missioned personnel. 
Many of the cadets are children of Salva- 
tion Army officers or soldiers who have grown 
Se Uae ee in the organization. Others 
Sp are people who may have been 
converted in corps meetings. 
Still others, already converted, may have de- 
cided, through religious conviction, to devote 
their lives to the organization. The younger 
applicants begin as corps cadets under the 
tutelage of the officer in the town in which 
they live. The first qualification in all cases 
is a period of soldiership in the local corps 
in order that their suitability may be judged, 
and that the candidates may gain an intimate 
knowledge of the life they propose to embrace. 
When corps cadets have completed their 
courses, or newly enrolled soldiers their period 
of probation, and formal application has been 
made, local and other officers are asked for 
recommendations as to character, ability and 
general fitness, a medical examination is un- 
dergone, and the question of acceptance is 








WHAT IS THE SALVATION ARMY? eng 





then considered by the Candidates’ Board at 
Territorial Headquarters. In the interim fol- 
lowing the completion of the corps cadet 
course, or while on probation, candidates are 
required to complete certain lessons, and upon 
acceptance by the Candidates’ Board they 
enter the school for one year of intensive 
work. Whatever their origin, all persons ac- 
cepted for officership enter the Training 
School on a basis of absolute equality, and to- 
gether face a period of the most exacting 
mental and physical exertion—a period de- 
liberately designed to test their sincerity and 

devotion. 
The study course combines theory and prac- 
tise. Advancing to a certain point in Bible 
study and in the preparation of 

Training 
Beever addresses, they are required to 
give an address of their own 
composition at a street corner meeting. Relief 
work, under the guidance of experienced offi- 
cers, on cases reported by the Relief Depart- 
ment, is a part of the curriculum. The women 
are assigned to enter homes where the wife or 
mother seems unable to make ends meet. In 


28 Wuat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 








such cases the cadet teaches the housewife 
what she has learned about such domestic 
affairs as preparing meals, making beds, and 
caring for children. Thus from the very be- 
ginning they are impressed with the necessity 
of demonstrating what they learn and prac- 
tising what they preach. 

The one year of study in school in- 
cludes the following: Salvation Army doc- 
trine; physiology; first-aid, in conjunction 
with the National First Aid Association; Sal- 
vation Army regulations; construction of pub- 
lic discourses; domestic science; accountancy 
and bookkeeping; composition and English; 
music, vocal and instrumental; the Bible and 
Bible history. The course is designed to equip 
the students to meet both the spiritual and the 
physical needs of the people with whom they 
are to come in contact. 

The schools are administered on a strictly 
military basis. The students rise by bugle at 
6.30 and retire after “‘taps” at 10, unless they 
have been given special privileges or late duty. 
There are no servants. Each student takes 


WHAT IS THE SALVATION ARMY? 29 


care of his own bed and has a particular part 
of the building to keep clean. 

The curriculum is subject to alteration and 
expansion as time passes and as the organiza- 
tion assumes a still greater role in the re- 
ligious and social life of the country. It is 
inevitable that, as the people continue to de- 
mand more of The Army in varied and special- 
ized service, the admission requirements and 
the standards of work must necessarily ad- 
vance to new and higher levels of efficiency. 
However, it is recognized that the same under- 
lying principles must always prevail if the 
work is to be perpetuated along the successful 
lines on which it has already developed to 
such a gratifying degree. In the selection and 
training of applicants for officership, emphasis 
is and always will be placed firmly and 
positively upon spiritual consecration and 
the willingness to renounce all thought of 
material fortune or reward for a life of 
service. 

When the year in college is completed, the 
students are graduated as probationary offi- 


30 WHat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 


cers. Although they are then made Lieuten- 
ants or Captains, they are in reality on trial 
for another year. During that year they take 
tid Red specified course of study by 
eee, Ale 4 correspondence, and are _ re- 

quired to read each month some 
book on Salvation Army history or activity 
and pass an examination on its contents. At 
the end of this year, provided they pass the 
further examination, they are relieved of the 
term “probationary” and designated as fully- 
commissioned officers. 

After they have been commissioned there 
are several optional four-year courses by cor- 
respondence which may be taken by those offi- 
cers who wish to specialize in some particular 
study, such as music, accountancy, domestic 
Science, nursing, advanced Bible study, ete. 

In the United States there are three Train- 
ing Schools, one for each Territory, located 
in New York, Chicago, and San Francisco, 
with an aggregate graduation of 450 officers. 
The graduates are called “West Pointers of 
The Salvation Army,” this appellation having 
been attached to them because of two points 





WHAT IS THE SALVATION ARMY? 31 


os 





of similarity to the U. 8S. Military Academy 
at West Point: they have passed the most 
rigorous tests as to physical and spiritual fit- 
ness and have been given an opportunity to 
absorb all that their organization has to offer 
out of its romantic traditions on the one hand, 
and out of its actual experience in modern 
religious and social “warfare” on the other. 

Promotions are based upon length of ser- 
vice and efficiency and devotion in the prose- 
cution of duties. The successive degrees of 
rank are as follows: Lieutenant, Captain, En- 
sign, Adjutant, Commandant, Field-Major, 
Staff-Captain, Major, Brigadier, Lieutenant- 
Colonel, Colonel, Lieutenant-Commissioner 
and Commissioner. 


32 WuatT 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 


Plan of Organization and Administration— 
Legal Status—Citizens’ Advisory Boards 


NITY of thought, method and purpose is 
U an outstanding characteristic of The 
Salvation Army throughout the world—the 
work in Johannesburg, for example, being ad- 
ministered in detail as it is in New York or 
Denver. In a movement which has penetrated 
so many strange and dissimilar fields, this is 
a fact of exceptional interest. It is explain- 
able partly by the simplicity of its mission 
and its direct method of approach; but largely 
is it due to the element of military discipline 
as the controlling force in an ingeniously de- 
vised plan of organization and administra- 
tion. 

In obedience to this general plan, The Army 
has divided the United States into three Terri- 
tories, with Headquarters in 

Military Plan : 
A Cohesive New York, Chicago and San 
ete Francisco. These Territorial 
Centers, each under the authority of a Com- 
missioner, are in turn responsible to the 





WuatT 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 33 





National Headquarters, also situated in New 
York, under the authority of the National 
Commander. 

The three Territories are designated respec- 
tively as the Eastern, the Central and the 
Western, and the country is divided among 
them as follows: Eastern Territory, the 
twenty-two Eastern and Southern States in- 
cluding Mississippi, Kentucky, Tennessee and 
Ohio; Central Territory: [llinois, Iowa, Mis- 
souri, Arkansas, North and South Dakota, 
Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, Louisi- 
ana, Wisconsin, Michigan, Indiana and Min- 
nesota; Western Territory: Montana, Wyo- 
ming, Utah, Colorado, New Mexico, the Texas 
Panhandle, Idaho, Nevada, Arizona, Wash- 
ington, Oregon and California. 

Each Territorial Headquarters is divided 
into Departments directed by officers of high 

ere. rank. All activities are under 

And Their the immediate direction of the 

sapee™® Chief Secretary, who, as second 
in command of the Territory, is responsible 
to the Commissioner for their proper and 
harmonious co-ordination. These Depart- 


34 Wuat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 


ments are: The Field Department, Men’s So- 
cial Service; Women’s Social Service; Staff 
Department; Finance and Audit; Property; 
Editorial, Printing and Publishing; Young 
People’s; Campaign; Bureau of Information, 
Statistics and Inspection; Supplies and Pur- 
chasing. 

The unit of activity in the religious work, 
whose officers are under the Field Department, 
is the local corps, which is comparable to the 
individual congregation in the denominational 
organizations. The corps is the group 
so frequently seen in street-corner meetings. 
It is commanded by an officer with a rank 
ranging from Captain to Field-Major, accord- 
ing to his or her ability and length of service, 
and is responsible directly to a Divisional 
Headquarters. A Division includes between 
twenty and thirty corps, usually within a 
radius of 200 miles of the Divisional Center, 
is commanded by an experienced officer with 
a rank ranging from Major to Lt.-Colonel, and 
reports directly to Territorial Headquarters. 
In a few instances there is a Provincial Head- 
quarters between the Division and the Terri- 


WHat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 35 


tory, such as in Boston and New York, which 
includes a group of Divisions. 

In the organization of the Men’s Social Ser- 
vice Department within the Territory, the 
unit of work is the individual institution, 
such as an Industrial Home for Men, or an 
Eventide Home for the Aged. The Industrial 
Homes, which form the bulk of the responsi- 
bility of this Department, report to a District 
Officer, whose jurisdiction is entirely apart 
and distinct from the Divisional Officer in the 
Field Work, and each District Officer, with 
from four to six Homes under his supervision, 
reports to the Territorial Head of the Social 
Service Work among men. In the Women’s 
Social Service Department there is no inter- 
mediate administrative unit between the 
Hospital or Home and the Territorial Head- 
quarters. Each institution reports directly 
to the officer in charge of the work through- 
out the Territory. 

Quite apart from its own system of govern- 
ment and organization, The Salvation Army 
in the United States must be seen as a corpor- 
ate entity operating under the control and 
protection of the laws of the land. The certifi- 


36 WHat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 





cate of incorporation issued by the State of 
New York in 1899, from which the general 
purposes of the organization are 
bade taaviawe quoted in the first chapter of this 
of fae ane pooklet, sets up a Board of Trus- 
tees for the custody and control of revenues 
and property. This Board is composed of the 
National Commander, the Eastern Territorial 
Commissioner, the Eastern Territorial Chief 
Secretary, the National Treasurer and the 
Eastern Territorial Field Secretary. This 
Board is subject to the supervision of the State 
in that it is required to make an annual report 
of property holdings as well as receipts and 
disbursements, and to seek the permission of 
the Court for any property transfers it may 
contemplate. The charter makes it clear, of 
course, that it is a corporation without divi- 
dends or any other kind of profit for anyone 
concerned. 
While the New York certificate provides for 
a blanket charter, authorizing the organiza- 
tion to operate as a religious and charitable 
corporation anywhere in the United States, 
it has been found advantageous, in the interest 





Wuat Is THE SALVATION ARMY? 37 





of property holdings, to incorporate in several 
of the States individually. Consequently, 
local corporations have since been formed in 
Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, New Jersey, 
Virginia, California, Illinois and Michigan. 
This general plan of organization, which 
has been applied with only occasional modifi- 
cations in eighty-one countries and colonies, 
is largely responsible for the solidarity of The 
Salvation Army as an international force. 
An additional element, peculiar to the plan 
of administration in the United States, is the 
+ ops Citizens’ Advisory Boards. It is 
Advisory the function of these boards to 
rie assist in maintaining sympa- 
thetic relations with the public. They help 
in interpreting the aims and purposes of The 
Army to the people, and in turn advise The 
Army officers on matters of service to the 
community. The treasurer of the Board is 
usually a bank executive. The boards review 
the annual budgets on which the Home Ser- 
vice Appeals are based, and lend their influ- 
ence and active assistance in seeing that nec- 
essary funds are raised. In every community 


38 WHAT IS THE SALVATION ARMY? 





it will be found that The Salvation Army Ad- 
visory Board is composed of citizens whose 
names are foremost in business, professional 
and philanthropic circles. 





WHat 1S THE SALVATION ARMY? 39 


The Religious Work 


HE distinguishing feature in the religious 
life of The Salvation Army is its insis- 
tence upon active participation rather than 
passive adherence on the part of its followers. 
} There is no such thing as in- 
Christianity active or nominal membership. 
Christianity is considered syn- 
onymous with service. A person may attend 
meetings on Sundays, but if he is not willing 
to demonstrate his faith in some form of tan- 
gible helpfulness in the interest of others, or 
of the organization as a whole, he is not re- 
garded as a good soldier. In short, The Sal- 
vation Army regards itself as engaged in a 
continual fight against evil, and all its opera- 
tions as incidental to that end. 

The primary object of the average Sal- 
vation Army meeting is the enlistment of re- 
cruits for its crusade. The unregenerate are 
regarded as rebels against God’s government; 
they are called upon to surrender, to seek par- 


40 Wuat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 





don and deliverance from sin, and to enroll in 
The Army as fighting soldiers who will in turn 
capture other rebels. 

Thus there is always an emotional appeal 
in the meetings, but emotion is not aroused 
merely for its own sake. It is promptly trans- 
formed into zeal for some specific form of 
unselfish service, it being realized that re- 
ligion lives in the human heart only so long 
as it is allowed to express itself in deeds. It 
was this that the present General had in mind 
in a recent discussion of Salvation Army meet- 
ings when he was asked: “Isn’t emotion an 
unstable quality to build upon?” He replied: 
“No—not when it is organized.” 

It should also be observed by those who are 
disposed to criticize the free spontaneity of 
these meetings that Salvationists enjoy their 
religion; they do not subscribe to it merely in 
duty or obligation. There is nothing funereal 
or depressing in their attitude of worship. 
They are keenly conscious of the presence of 
God as a kindly and beneficent Deity, as an 
unfailing source of happiness and satisfaction. 
Therefore they find real joy in actually serv- 
ing as well as praising Him. 








WuatT 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 41 


This cheerful quality is exemplified in the 
character of the music which takes so im- 
portant a part in all the services. 
Lilting Music fi 

awe Bila Every corps is expected to create 
a brass band out of its member- 
ship, and if any member can play a guitar, a 
mandolin or even an harmonica, he is invited 
to make use of it. The hymns and marches 
are for the most part rhythmical and lilting, 
and frequently the popular tunes of the day 
are given religious words and used on the 
street-corners. ‘T’o some observers these meth- 
ods may seem offensively spectacular, but they 
are fully justified, not only as a means of at- 
tracting attention, but in dispelling the notion 
from many minds that there is no happiness 
or light-heartedness in the religious life. 
Keeping in mind the buoyant quality in the 
Salvationist’s attitude of service and praise, it 
will be easily understood why the jingling 
tambourine has become so universally recog- 

nized as a symbol. 
Every soldier is given something to do, and 
he remains in good standing only so long as 
he does it. He is expected whenever possible 


4.2 WHat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 


to participate in open-air meetings on the 
street-corners; he may make a special study of 
the Bible and teach a company in the young 
people’s meeting (Sabbath-School) ; he may 
learn to play an instrument and join the band, 
or he may be asked to assist the corps officer 
in visitation among the poor and the sick or 
in general charitable work. If particularly 
dependable, he may be appointed a “local offi- 
cer,” such as sergeant, or sergeant-major, 
which are comparable to the non-commissioned 
ranks in any other military organization. 
There are scores of duties to be performed, and 
something to which every member can readily 
turn his hand, no matter what his individual 
aptitudes or inclinations may be. 

This explains why conversion in The Sal- 
vation Army is usually more lasting than the 
mere profession of faith demanded in so many 
evangelical campaigns of a sporadic nature, 
The faith of the convert is made permanent 
by his being kept busy. 

Such an exacting standard of Christian ser- 
vice in The Salvation Army reacts in a meas- 


Wuat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 43 


ure against its own numerical strength. The 
membership of almost any corps could easily be 
ease doubled if passive adherence 
prsarps were accepted, and if demands 
upon the time and attention 
of the individual were not so heavy. But many 
people who find salvation in a corps meeting 
shrink from the obligation of soldiership and 
therefore do not enroll. They may be sin- 
cerely converted, and live virtuous lives there- 
after, but they join a church rather than don 
the uniform and accept the responsibilities of 
Salvation Army warfare. In this way the 
organization performs a continuous and 
incalculable service to the churches of all de- 
nominations. 

In this connection it should be noted that 
the open-air meetings exercise an even wider 
influence upon the religious and social life of 
the community. Thousands of men and wo- 
men, once confused, bewildered or desperate, 
have testified how a chance word or strain of 
music from the ‘‘open-air ring” on the street- 
corner has at one time or another turned them 
away from some vicious or dangerous line of 





44 WHAT Is THE SALVATION ARMY? 





thought, and has resulted in their return to 
active membership in a church they had once 
attended. No record can be kept of this in- 
fluence. Such people may stand on the edge 
of the crowd for a short time without visible 
interest in the proceedings and then pass on. 
But the seed has been sown and the result be- 
comes apparent later on in the roster of some 
denominational congregation. 
The strength of Salvation Army religion is 
in its simplicity. Its doctrine is a militant 
sb cade form of fundamentalism, adher- 
Or Theological ing unquestioningly to the pre- 
Disputation A : 
cepts and promises of the Bible, 
without theological hair-splitting and without 
forms, rites or ceremonies of any kind. It 
isn’t concerned with the fact that the human 
mind finds it difficult to accept some of the 
vital tenets of Scripture, nor does it attempt 
to explain these apparent mysteries in human 
terms. It holds that if a man will search the 
Scriptures diligently, and put into practise in 
all sincerity as much as he can understand, he 
will find little trouble in taking the rest for 
granted. It readily admits that a mind which 





WHat Is THE SALVATION ARMY? 45 


cannot account for the source of such a com- 
monplace blessing as the electric light which 
illuminates the room need not attempt to grasp 
the infinite power and capacity of the Deity. 
It argues convincingly enough that the best 
proof of the Divine truth and power of the 
Scriptures is to be found in the personal trans- 
formations they have wrought in millions of 
cases in which human remedies and philoso- 
phies have been ineffectual. 

The religious work centers in the local 
corps, which is The Army _ designation 
for the individual congregation or church 
organization. The work is organized in 
the military manner, and military term- 
indlogy is used throughout. The corps 
building, or hall, is known as the “cit- 
adel;” the pastor is an “officer” and the mem- 
bers are “soldiers; the sphere of activity is 
the “field” and the member becomes formally 
attached by signing the “articles of war” and 
being publicly enrolled, which indicate that 
from then on he is to engage in actual warfare 
against sin, poverty and distress. The reason 
for the military form of organization is that 


46 Wuat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 


it is the one certain way of getting things done 
quickly and efficiently. It keeps up the mood 
of emergency, the spirit of urgent activity, 
and makes it less easy for the work to fall into 
a lifeless and unprogressive routine. 
Each corps is required to hold a minimum 
of six meetings a week, most of which are 
preceded by open-air meetings. 
“and tte ‘The open-air meeting is the prac- 
wunetions tical method of carrying out the 
original and fundamental purpose of the or- 
ganization: to take the Gospel to those who 
need it. The open-air meeting is followed by 
a march to the citadel in which the street- 
corner congregation is invited to join. Upon 
arrival the service is continued. Many types 
of meetings are held, sometimes in hired audi- 
toriums or theaters, but the basis of the contin- 
uous evangelical campaign is to be found in 
the corps services on the streets and in the 
halls, held during the week as well as on Sun- 
day morning and evening. 
During these meetings the soldiers are ex- 
pected to wear a uniform and assist in dealing 
with converts and recruits, but the commis- 





WHat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 4.7 


sioned officer at the head of the corps is the 
only member of the aggregation who is com- 
pensated in any way for his work. 

Each corps has a Young People’s branch 
corresponding to the Sunday-school of a de- 
nominational church. This is presided over 
by a Young People’s Sergeant-Major, who ex- 
ercises the functions of a Sunday-school super- 
intendent. This phase of the program is 
regarded as of such importance that at each 
Territorial Headquarters there is a distinct 
department for its administration, and a 
Young People’s Secretary in each Division. 
The program of activity is standardized 
throughout the ranks of The Salvation Army 
and is worked out in systematic detail. After 
his conversion, a young person is on probation 
a month before he is enrolled as a junior sol- 
dier. At the age of fifteen he may become a 
senior soldier, and at the age of sixteen he 
is expected to do so if he wishes to retain his 
connection with The Army. Within the ranks 
of the young people in a corps, there are many 
auxiliary units corresponding to the sub- 
divisions of a Sunday-school, such as the 


48 WHat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 





Cradle Roll for the youngest, the Band of Love 
for boys under ten and girls under eleven, and 
the Young People’s Legion for those up to 
eighteen. For recreational and instructional 
activity there are junior organizations for 
boys and girls of the adolescent age. There is 
also a Corps Cadet Brigade of young people 
in training for service later as local or corps 
officers. This unit provides a course of study 
six years in duration, three in the lower grades 
and three in the higher. 

Although The Army meets a distinct need 
in the religious life of the community, which is 
practically untouched by any other organiza- 
tion, it co-operates in every helpful way with 
the churches of all denominations and is al- 
ways ready to participate in any concerted 
movement for the advancement of the general 
eause of religion. 


Wuat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 49 


The Social Service Work 


HE charitable and humanitarian work 
was started with a very definite purpose 
but without a specific program. It has de- 
veloped in many different directions in re- 
sponse to human needs as they have been dis- 
covered, and has not been restricted or limited 
by any preconceived or arbitrary plan. This 
explains its extraordinary variety and scope. 
_ Social service had no part in the plan as at 
first conceived by the Founder. The original 
Seta purpose was exclusively evangel- 
In Response To ical. The Salvationists were to 
mi pais Ytake the Gospel to those who 
would not seek it in the churches. They were 
to invade the highways and byways and preach 
salvation, through Christian grace, to the 
spiritually blind and the poor in heart. That 
was to be their one and only mission. 
But it was not easy to talk spiritual salva- | 
tion to people who were dazed and bewildered 
by acute physical need. That such people re- 


50 WHat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 





sponded to the preaching with manifest eager- 
ness made the task all the more perplexing. 
Their ears were attuned to the “voice crying 
in the wilderness” ; but—what were they to do 
about it? The man without a job, enervated 
through privation or dissipation; the girl fac- 
ing motherhood out of wedlock, dismayed and 
alone; aged men and women without homes in 
which to spend their declining years; the 
youth, realizing the futility of indulgence, but 
puzzled as to which way to turn; the criminal, 
brooding in his cell; the widow, with her chil- 
dren, valiantly waging a losing battle against 
poverty and disease; the wayward, the degen- 
erate, the irresponsible, the weak of will—all 
of these saw the light of hope in the message 
that was brought to them, but it seemed far 
off, intangible, beyond their reach. It was 
clear that in addition to the Gospel they 
needed material assistance and patient guid- 
ance from people who could understand their 
troubles. 

It was in response to such need that The 
Army entered the realm of social service. 
To-day, every corps, or religious unit, is at 


WHaAtT IS THE SALVATION ARMY? 51 


the same time a center of charitable activity; 
and the evangelical work is supplemented by 
two great branches of the organization known 
|} as the Men’s Social Service Department and 
‘the Social Service Department for Wo- 
/men and Children. The functions of these 
departments have grown to such proportions 
as to convey the erroneous impression to many 
minds that The Army is essentially and pri- 
marily a social service agency. But, as al- 
ready emphasized, these functions must be un- 
derstood in their entirety as a humane demon- 
| stration of the religion of Christ. Religious 
| exhortation, however, is not forced upon the 
| beneficiaries, and no person is expected to 
change his religion if he already has one. His 
) religion is expected to change him. 








Social Service Activities For Men 


INDUSTRIAL Homes. Institutions in which 
hard work and simple religious truth are com- 
bined as a cure for human waywardness. Un- 
employed men spend three or four weeks in 
them for the purpose of working themselves 
back to respectability. They sort and bale 
waste paper and repair furniture and clothing 


52 Wuat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 





collected from citizens. The paper is returned : 


to the mills and the remade furniture and 
clothing are sold to laboring people at nominal 
prices. The men are ultimately placed in 
positions and are frequently reunited with 
their families. The Industrial Home is one of 
the few self-supporting institutions. Each 
Home maintains a relief section through which 
the remade articles and other necessities are 
given to people who are desperately poor. 
There are 100 of these Homes in the principal 
cities of the United States. 

WORKINGMEN’S Horets. Homelike hostel- 
ries in which temporarily embarrassed or low- 
wage-earning men are provided with comfort- 
able lodgings in a wholesome atmosphere 
either at nominal prices or on a charity basis. 
There are seventy-eight of them in the United 
States. 

EVENTIDE HoMeES. A new departure in 
Army institutional activity. Homes for the 
helpless aged in which there are no entrance 
requirements save acute need. 


EMPLOYMENT Buruavus. Systematically — 
organized, and operating in close co-operation — 





Wuat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 53 


with governmental, business and industrial 
establishments. There are eighty-eight in the 
United States, not including the employment 
service rendered by the local corps. No charge 
is made for service. 

MISSING PERSONS BUREAU. Through this 
bureau the entire organization throughout the 
world is utilized in co-operation with the 
police in locating missing people. Approxi- 
mately thirty-three and one-third per cent. of 
its cases are successful. It operates under 
the Men’s Social Service Department because 
a great majority of its cases involve missing 
men. 

PRISON DEPARTMENT. Recognized as a 
semi-official adjunct of the penal system of 
the country. Meetings are held in practically 
every penal institution; 12,000 prisoners are 
members of the Brighter-Day League, a Sal- 
vation Army “fraternity” behind the gray 
walls; more than 300 “life-termers” are mem- 
bers of The Army’s Lifers’ Club; a systematic 
plan of relief for the families of prisoners is 
maintained, and more than 600 prisoners are 
annually entrusted to the department on 
parole. 


54 WHaAT Is THE SALVATION ARMY? 





NAVAL AND MILITARY CLUBS. Clubhouses 
designed to provide Army and Navy men with 
wholesome recreation while off duty. Six in 
the United States. 


Social Service Activities For Women and Girls 


MATERNITY HOMES AND HOSPITALS. De- 
scribed by experts as “setting a standard for 
all such institutions in this country.” Main- 
tained to provide a way out of sin for way- 
ward young women and for the deserted girl 
anticipating motherhood out of wedlock. The 
girl is given the best of medical and surgical 
treatment, and is provided with a real home 
for a period before and after the birth of her 
child. The utmost patience and toleration are 
exercised in dealing with the sometimes de- 
spondent and almost invariably reticent in- 
mates. Forced marriages are not counten- 
anced except where there is assurance of 
permanent happiness, and the giving of babies 
in adoption is discouraged. The girl is induced 
to keep her baby and is taught how to care for 
it. In most cases inducement isn’t necessary 
after she has cared for it for a few months. 
Employment is found where the mother and 











| Wuat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 55 


_ child can be together, and, through an auxili- 
| ary known as the Out-of-Love Club, the Home 
_ keeps in touch with the girl for years after 
| she has passed through and enlists her aid in 
assisting other girls in the same predicament. 
There are thirty-one of these Homes in the 
United States. 


WoORKINGWOMEN’S HOTELS. For middle- 
aged working women who have no homes of 
their own—a sphere of social service for long 
overlooked by many agencies. The very young 
and the very old are well cared for when in dis- 
tress, but the middle-aged woman is often 
without accommodations. 


PrisoON Work. Distinct from the Prison 
Department for men. Every penal institution 
in which there are women is regularly visited, 
and, in the larger cities, the police courts are 
attended by especially qualified women offi- 
cers in the interest of young girls. These 
officers are also called upon by the Courts to 
act in parole cases. 


EMPLOYMENT BurREAUS. Maintained in the 
larger cities especially for women and girls 


56 WHAT IS THE SALVATION ARMY? 


seeking employment. No fees are charged for 
service. 


YOUNG WOMEN’S RESIDENCES. Providing a 
wholesome living environment for self-sup- 
porting girls. The rates, averaging eight dol- 
lars per week, include a pleasant room, two 
meals per day, facilities for laundry work, the 
use of private parlors for the entertainment 
of guests and the benefits of a library, a read- 
ing room and sometimes a gymnasium. There 
are fourteen of these institutions in the 
United States. 


THE HOME LEAGUE. A fraternity of women 
in poor and moderate circumstances which 
holds weekly meetings for the instruction of 
its members in the rudiments of domestic 
economy. A branch is maintained in connec- 
tion with every corps. Its purpose is to make 
better housewives of women who as children 
were deprived of the advantages of education 
in school or adequate training in their own 
homes. In addition to entertainment features, 
to make the program more diversified, the 
League secretary teaches cooking, sewing, per- 


Wuat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 57 


sonal hygiene, First Aid, elementary account- 
ing and marketing. 


Social Service Activities for Children 


SETTLEMENT HOUSES AND NURSERIES. 
Maintained in the larger cities. In addition 
to the nursery work, there is always a staff 
of visitors and investigators who render con- 
structive aid in the homes from which the 
children come. 


CHILDREN’S HOMES AND HOSPITALS. Main- 
tained for children whose parents are tempor- 
arily unable to care for them. One, at Lytton 
Springs, California, has an acreage of 710, 
its own farm and a complete grammar school. 
There are eight of these institutions in the 
United States. 


SUMMER OvTINGS. On the outskirts of 
practically all large cities The Army main- 
tains camp sites where thousands of poor chil- 
dren are taken for Summer vacations. Many 
of those on the Atlantic and Pacific Coasts are 
located at the seashore. Those sent away dur- 
ing one recent season numbered 40,125, and 
with them were 8,061 mothers. 


58 Wuat Is THE SALVATION ARMY? 


———--. 
——— 


Boys’ CLuss. A new departure which is 
developing with great rapidity. They are con- 
tributing definitely toward the solution of the 
problem of juvenile crime. They are intended 
for boys who would ordinarily have no better 
playground than the city streets, and who 
have not been attracted by or included in other 
boys’ organizations. 


Social Service Activities of General Appeal 

FAMILY RELIEF. This is one of the most 
important and comprehensive of the charitable 
activities. The manner of its administration 
depends upon the size of the community. In 
the smaller places it is handled as a part of 
the work of the local corps, the officers ascer- 
taining the needs of the poor during their visi- 
tation tours and sending the supplies direct 
from the corps headquarters. In the larger 
communities there is a Family Relief Section 
under the administration of the Men’s Social 
Service Department or the Divisional Head- 
quarters, and this is supplemented by neigh- 
borhood work by Staff officers and visitors 
from the various settlements and other institu- 
tions for women and children. In all in- 


WHat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 59 


stances, relief that is acutely needed is given 
first and the merits of the case investigated 
afterward. These investigations, however, are 
thorough, and unworthy applicants do not ob- 
tain more than first emergency aid, and that 
not more than once. All officers engaged in 
family relief activity are under instructions 
to work in co-operation with other agencies 
and to make use of a central registration 
bureau wherever maintained. 


CHRISTMAS DINNERS. One of The Army’s 
most picturesque charities. There is a dis- 
position, however, to look upon it as merely 
a sporadic outburst of seasonal generosity. 
Rather it should be seen as a part of the year- 
round relief program. It is true that the 
Christmas dinner is more abundant than the 
supplies ordinarily given out, but every basket 
goes to a family that is well known to The 
Army officers and whose members are making 
a sincere effort to re-establish themselves. 


MEDICAL AND DENTAL CLINICS. Maintained 
for people who cannot afford proper medical 
and dental care at their own expense. They 
include dispensaries from which medicines 


60 WHAT Is THE SALVATION ARMY? 


eee 





may be obtained without charge, and are ad- 
ministered in co-operation with physicians 
and dentists who render their services gratis. 
FREE LEGAL ApDvIcE. Available for people 
who are too poor to engage their own lawyer. 
In the larger cities The Army has its own 
Legal Department; in smaller communities 
there is always an attorney working in co- 
operation with the local corps officers. 


HOSPITAL VISITATION. Hospitals where 
there are public charity wards are regularly 
visited by the members of an organization of 
Salvation Army women known as the League 
of Mercy. Gifts are distributed and each 
patient is asked whether there is any service 
The Army can perform on the outside. 


AMERICANIZATION. For many years The 
Army Immigration Department has main- 
tained an effective program of Americaniza- 
tion. Its results are apparent in the fact that 
not a single immigrant brought into this coun- 
try under its auspices—and they have been 
brought in from all parts of the globe—has 
ever been deported or imprisoned for disloyalty 
to the institutions of the United States. 


WHat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 61 





It is the belief of the Department that, while 
the distribution of tracts on the Constitution 
and pamphlets on citizenship are helpful, the 
primary and essential part of the program con- 
sists in guaranteeing the immigrant a square 
deal in money and transportation matters, and 
a welcoming hand on the part of friendly peo- 
ple at the time of his arrival. Officers deal with 
the immigrant at first in his own language, 
see that his money is changed into United 
States currency without excessive commis- 
sions or discounts, help him in buying trans- 
portation to his destination by the most 
inexpensive route, and see that he is intro- 
duced to hospitable people who are likely to 
be his friends. 


Because of the international scope of The 
Army, the Department is equipped to see an 
immigrant through from his point of origin 
in Europe or any other part of the world 
to his destination in the interior of the 
United States. It is after performing 
these personal services, and seeing that he is 
comfortably and happily situated, that the 
officers begin talking to him about the princi- 


62 Wuat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 


ples and advantages of American citizenship. 
By that time he is anxious to become a citizen 
of a country that has given him such a sincere 
and cordial welcome. 


’ EMERGENCIES—F'LOoD, DISASTER, Etc. By 
reason of its military character, the rugged 
discipline to which its officers are accustomed, 
and the possibility of quick mobilization, The 
Army is always ready for service at a 
moment’s notice in time of flood, conflagration 
or other disaster. Illustrative of this is its 
emergency service in the San Francisco earth- 
quake, the recent floods in Ohio and in a num- 
ber of conflagrations in the larger cities during 
the last decade. 


ANTI-SUICIDE WorK. Every corps and in- 
stitution is in its very nature an Anti-Suicide 
Bureau. Through the press and in the course 
of street-corner meetings, those contemplating 
Suicide are invited to visit Headquarters. The © 
number of responses is surprising. Invari- 
ably it is found that what the person most 
needed was an opportunity to tell his troubles 
to a sympathetic listener who could respond 
with spiritual comfort and personal advice. 





Wuat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 63 


Miscellaneous Activities 


HE latitude enjoyed by the officers in 

their efforts to meet emergencies as they 
encounter them has given rise to a number of 
individualistic enterprises throughout the 
country which are worthy of note, but which 
cannot readily be placed in any of the social 
service classifications in the preceding chap- 
ter. These activities are not only picturesque 
in themselves, but illustrate one of the most 
essential characteristics of the organization— 
its readiness to do the unusual thing, to take 
unprecedented steps, and to depart from its 
fixed program, if by so doing it can meet some 
human need and at the same time remain con- 
sistent with its fundamental purposes, 


In Boston there is a Salvation Army fire 
truck. It has been the custom of The Army 
in many of the larger cities to provide coffee 
and sandwiches for firemen during conflagra- 
tions. One of the Boston officers decided to 


64 Wuat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 





do it in a more systematic manner. Through 
the co-operation of the Fire Department and 

a group of business men, he ob- 
eee ce tained a powerful motor truck 

and transformed it into a com- 
plete relief station on wheels. Then he had a 
fire alarm signal installed in his quarters. On 
every second alarm he and a group of his sol- 
diers begin making coffee and sandwiches, 
materials for which are always kept on hand, 
and in a half hour the relief truck is on its way 
to the scene. The truck is painted a bright 
red, with shining brass trimmings, is equipped 
with a regulation fire bell, and has been 
granted the right-of-way in common with other 
fire apparatus. During large fires relief sta- 
tions are established on the scene, the truck 
making repeated trips to the headquarters, and 
the food is distributed among families who 
have been forced to vacate their homes as well 
as among the firemen. 

A few miles above Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 
on the Mississippi River, there is an isolation 
home and hospital for lepers. Several years 
ago the Divisional Commander in charge of 


; 
| 


| 
| 
: 


Wuat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 65 


that section learned that one of the inmates 
was an ex-soldier of The Salvation Army and 
resolved to visit him. People advised him not 
to go because of the risk. He 
Tor Levens made the trip nevertheless and 
suffered no ill effects. He not 
only visited the ex-soldier, and re-established 
him as a member in good standing, but held a 
meeting for all of the inmates. Out of this 
grew a permanent outpost within the grounds 
of the institution, commanded by the rein- 
stated soldier, and under the supervision of 
the corps officers in Baton Rouge, who made 
regular visits to the place thereafter. The out- 
post was an indescribable source of comfort 
and interest to the inmates and a distinct ad- 
vantage to the authorities in maintaining a 
higher morale in the institution. 


In several of the larger cities there are Re- 


ligious Brigades especially organized for 


periodical excursions into small 

Crossroad ; 1 
Evangeliem lOWDS and rural districts. The 
trips are made in fleets of motor 
cars and the party always includes speakers 
and musicians. Stops are made according to 


66 Wuat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 








a schedule advertised in advance, and invari- 
ably an audience is waiting when the convoy 
arrives. These Brigades are operated with the 
knowledge that in the country as well as the 
city there are people who need religious ex- 
hortation, but will not voluntarily seek it in 
the churches. This activity has resulted in 
an incalculable degree of good. In many rural 
congregations of all denominations the mem- 
bership is composed largely of Salvation Army 
converts or people whose serious interest in 
religion was either renewed or originally 
aroused during one of these roadside cam- 
paigns. 
In several prisons throughout the country, 
notably at Folsom, California, Jeffersonville, 
Indiana, San Quentin, Califor- 
Corps Within. Nia, sands Trenton; IN ied oases 
are complete Salvation Army 
corps, composed entirely of prisoners, at work 
within the prison walls. Their meetings and 
activities are supervised by visiting officers 
of the Prison Department, but the routine is 
administered entirely by inmates who have 
joined the Brighter-Day League, the Army 
“fraternity” of prisoners. These corps main- 


tee 9 








Wuat 1s THe SALVATION ARMY? 67 


tain headquarters provided by the wardens 
and hold regular “open-air” meetings in the 
prison courtyards. In some instances there 
are small brass bands which have been or- 
ganized and trained by the officers of the 
Prison Department. 
Individual enterprise on the part of Ameri- 
can officers assigned to the Hawaiian Islands 
—which in themselves form a 
Por (hicren’ ~=Division under the jurisdiction 
of the Western Territory—has 
resulted in the establishment of two elabor- 
ate institutions for native boys and girls. 
These institutions have won the admiration 
and support of American and native business 
men and are among the points of interest 
shown to tourists. The Boys’ Home and 
School is a center of vocational training, oc- 
cupying fifty acres and including two con- 
crete dormitories, a main building, a 
gymnasium, a hospital, chapel, farm and cot- 
tages. Attached to the Girls’ Home is a school 
of domestic science occupying a group of build- 
ings on a picturesque hillside, forming in 
themselves a small village. Native boys and 


68 Wuat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 





girls of impoverished families and many who 
are orphans, are admitted at an early age and 
cared for until they are equipped to earn 
their own living. 
One of the most extraordinary of these in- 
dividual activities will be of intense interest 
to Americans despite the fact 
Son eo anaiet that it is not a part of the work 
in this country. It is included 
here because a similar service is in contem- 
plation for some of the leading American 
seaports. It is the romantic mission of The 
Salvation Army Life-Saving Sloop Catherine 
Booth, operating off the coast of Norway. 
The ship was first put afloat in an effort to 
meet seamen off shore before they landed in 
order to induce them to make good use of 
their brief periods on land. That activity is 
still carried on, but the ship has also become 
a part of the life-saving service, and in one 
year it drew ashore a total of forty-four dis- 
tressed fishing craft and saved 117 lives. The 
sloop is manned entirely by a Salvation Army 
crew. Through its somewhat magical appeal 
to the imagination of growing children in the 





Wuat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 69 





seaport towns that it touches during its 
regular patrols, it has been the means of bring- 
ing many admirable young men and women 
into the commissioned ranks of the organiza- 
tion for active service. 


In addition to these varied and widely 
scattered activities of an extraordinary na- 
ture, mention must be made of 

And Janae Special arrangements that have 
been set up within the organiza- 

tion in America for two extremely interesting 
racial groups—the Scandinavians and the 
Japanese. The Salvation Army is numerically 
strong in Norway, Sweden and Denmark, and 
during the last thirty years emigration from 
these countries has been so heavy that it was 
found necessary to create a separate unit in 
the organization for the great numbers of 
Scandinavians coming to America to live. The 
result is a grand total of ninety-four Scandi- 
navian corps throughout the country which are 
administered as a separate branch of evangeli- 
cal work under the supervision of the Terri- 
torial Commissioners. A similar arrangement 
has been made in California and Washington 


70 Wuat is THE SALVATION ARMY? 





for the Japanese. In these two States there 
are ten corps and seven outposts, commanded 
by Japanese officers, forming a Division of 
their own under the supervision of the West- 
ern Territorial Headquarters. 





Wuat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? og | 


Finances 


HE annual Home Service Appeal for con- 
tributions from the general public is The 
Army’s major source of financial support. 
Virtually all of the activities are either en- 
tirely or partially dependent upon these funds. 
There are other sources of income, but their 
total is far from sufficient to meet the annual 
budgets and to provide for necessary exten- 
sions. 


The Home Service Appeal is the annual 
presentation of The Army’s aggregate budget 
ee to the people of a given commun- 
Used Entirely ity. It is held at different times 

mime ©: Sin different parts of the country, 
and for varying amounts, according to con- 
ditions and the volume of work in the com- 
munities served. It is usually raised by Army 
executives working in co-operation, in sys- 
tematically planned campaigns, with groups 
of citizens affiliated with the local Citizens’ 
Advisory Board. The exceptions to this plan 


%2 WHat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 
are found in cities where The Army is a mem- 
ber of a Community Chest and in several 
places where friends of the organization have 
made special arrangements for its support. 
In all cases the budgets are accompanied by 
certified reports of receipts and disbursements, 
showing that the Home Service Funds, as well 
as all other funds, are applied strictly to the 
purposes for which they have been solicited. 
These reports, certified by disinterested 
auditors, show, among other things, that no 
Home Service Funds, or any other gifts of 
money from the general public, are sent out 
of the United States. The Army in this 
country enjoys the advice and counsel of the 
International Headquarters without any cor- 
responding obligation to share financial re- 
sources. The only levy upon funds raised in 
local communities is a small percentage for the 
maintenance of the Territorial and National 
Headquarters in New York, Chicago and San 
Francisco for the oversight of local work. 
For those who for some legitimate reason 
wish to look further into the matter of Sal- 
vation Army finances, Territorial balance 





| 


> es eeeeeeeeeneserer tees 


WuatT 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 73 


sheets are always available and the books of 
any headquarters or department are open to 
inspection at any time. 

The advent of the Annual Home Service 
Fund, as an outcome of the World War, 
EY doubled the efficiency of the in- 

One Annual dividual officer. Prior to that 

Campaign , 

time the main source of support 
for local corps and institutional work was in 
promiscuous and continuous tambourine col- 
lections. Under that system the officers were 
obliged to devote fifty per cent. of their time 
to the solicitation of money. Now, with their 
financial requirements assured, through one 
systematically planned campaign each year, 
they are free to devote all their time to the 
tasks for which they were appointed. Another 
result of the Home Service Campaigns has been 
the elimination of a large percentage of the im- 
postors trading on the name and uniform of 
The Salvation Army. Under the old system 
such people flourished. A military uniform 
and a tambourine were all they needed to con- 
fuse the public. Under the new plan the peo- 
ple know that promiscuous solicitation in the 


V4 Wuat Is THE SALVATION ARMY? 


—_—= 





name of The Army is unauthorized and that 
people engaged in the practise are pretenders. 

The Army believes in the Community Chest 
idea and is a member of these concerted move- 
ments wherever its interests have been prop- 
erly and adequately safeguarded by the com- 
mittees in charge. 

A novel plan for the support of the organi- 
zation has been introduced in Philadelphia. 
There the members of the Advisory Board 
have established an incorporated fund known 
as the Philadelphia Salvation Army Founda- 
tion. This is the only city thus far in which 
plans have been laid for a permanent endow- 
ment. It is the plan to build the fund gradu- 
ally until the interest will meet the annual 
budget requirements for the city. The Presi- 
dent of the Advisory Board started the fund 
with a gift of $100,000 in cash. 

Another source of income that is rapidly 
growing in importance is through the medium 
of bequests. As the aims and purposes of the 
organization become better known and under- 
stood, a steadily increasing number of people 
are remembering The Army in their wills. 





WuatT Is THE SALVATION ARMY? 45 





Aside from the Annual Home Service Cam- 
paigns, the only general appeal to the public 
is the traditional Christmas collection for 
holiday cheer and Winter relief for the poor, 
and this is continued only in cities where this 
beneficence has not been included in a Com- 
munity Chest or otherwise provided for. 


Salvation Army missionary work in various 
parts of the world is financed by an annual 
aE 3 Self-Denial Fund. During Self- 
For Missionary Denial week the Salvationists do 
vat without something usually re- 
garded as a necessity, such as sugar in their 
coffee and tea, or butter on their bread, 
and contribute the amounts thus saved to the 
missionary funds, part of which are for the 
support of American officers engaged in such 
distant fields as India, China or South 
Africa. 


The only routine sources of income which 
in any measure relieve the pressure on the 
Home Service Funds are in small contribu- 
tions from officers and soldiers, collections 
during the open-air and indoor meetings, and 
the earnings of some of the social service insti- 


%6 Wuat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 


tutions. Collections during meetings are al- 
ways small, as it will be readily seen that the 
people who attend them are not in a position 
to contribute large sums. As has already been 
explained, only one type of social service in- 
stitution is entirely self-supporting. This is 
the Industrial Home for Men. All the others 
are dependent in varying degrees upon the 
generosity of the public through the Home 
Service Appeals, or special gifts and bequests. 
At each Territorial and Divisional Head- 
quarters elaborate precautions are exercised 
for the careful and economical 
parinescamnel disbursement of all funds. The 
intervals Finance Departments are regu- 
larly inspected both by Salvation Army audi- 
tors and by certified experts from outside ac- 
counting firms. All disbursements are made 
on the authority of an executive officer after 
consultation with special boards appointed 
for this particular purpose. 

The great care with which the organization 
handles money entrusted to it by the public 
is responsible for the universally accepted 
statement that The Salvation Army can make 


We ode: Aiea 2 amidins 


Wuat Is THE SALVATION ARMY? 77 





a dollar go farther and accomplish more in 
tangible results than many of the most econ- 
omically managed business houses. 


78 Wuat Is THE SALVATION ARMY? 


— 


Publications—List of Books and Pam- 
phlets for Reference and Study 


Pees S desiring more detailed informa- 
tion on any phase of the work than is 
given in these pages, and students who need 
such information for the writing of essays or 
compositions, are referred to the official pub- 
lications of The Salvation Army and to a 
varied list of books and pamphlets that are 
easily procurable. 


The official organ of the organization is The 
War Cry, a weekly magazine of news and in- 
pela a spirational material covering all 

For Current aspects of the organization. Al- 
mean though much of its material is 

of interest only to Salvationists, it gives a 
continuous and comprehensive view of what 
is happening in The Salvation Army world. 
Despite the specialized nature of many of its 
articles, there is never an issue that does not 
contain an abundance of material of interest 
to the general public. This is especially true 
of its photographic illustrations and its edi- 


WuatT 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 9 





torial discussions of current moral and re- 
ligious topics. 

Each of the three Territories prints its own 
War Cry for distribution within its area of 
jurisdiction, but all of them are alike in gen- 
eral outline and they all carry such items as 
are of national rather than exclusively terri- 
torial interest. The publication carries no ad- 
vertising except announcements of Salvation 
Army meetings and circulars of The Salva- 
tion Army Supplies Department. The Eastern 
issue has a circulation of 105,000, is printed 
on Salvation Army presses in New York City, 
and is the only War Cry in the world that in- 
cludes a rotogravure section. The Central 
Territory publication, printed in Chicago, has 
a circulation of 84,000, and the Western, 
printed in San Francisco, reaches slightly in 
excess of 50,000 readers. 

There are two other publications that would 
be useful to those making a special study of 
the Sunday-school and young people’s activ- 
ities. One is The Young Soldier, which cor- 
responds to a Sunday-school paper and the 
other is The Counselor, a publication intended 


80 Wuat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 


mainly for circulation among local officers in 
the various corps. 


All of these publications are edited by Sal- 
vation Army officers who have either special- 
ized in editorial work since the beginning of 
their Army career, or who at some time in 
their lives have had journalistic or reportorial 
experience. 


The following booklets and pamphlets are 
available at any of the Territorial Headquar- 
ters for those who wish to make a further 
study of particular phases of the work. They 
will be provided free upon request: 


OnLy ONE THOUSAND DOLLARS. 

An entertaining and instructive booklet by Bruce 
Barton, of the New York Times, showing in 
specific cases what one thousand dollars can do in 
the hands of Salvation Army officers. 

WINDowS IN Gray WALLS. 

A complete description of the prison work, 
coupled with the report of the Prison Department 
for 1923-24. 

THE EVOLUTION OF AN IDEA AND A PUSHCART. 

A complete description, liberally illustrated, of 

the Industrial Homes for Men. 
WasTE PAPER CONSERVATION. 
A small folder containing a letter from Gover- 


Wuat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 81 


nor Gifford Pinchot, of Pennsylvania, explaining 
the effect of Salvation Army paper saving upon 
the conservation of the nation’s timberlands. 


CERTIFIED BALANCE SHEETS. 


A printed report of the receipts and disburse- 
ments, certified by disinterested auditors. 


ACT AND CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION. 

Printed copies of the laws from which the organi- 
zation derives its legal existence in the United 
States. 


Way AND WHEREFORE. 
Questions and answers regarding administration 
and organization. 


YEAR Book. 

An annual publication issued at International 
Headquarters giving a brief outline of the work 
throughout the world. 


CuRRENT HoME SERVICE LITERATURE. 

Sundry pamphlets issued locally in connection 
with Home Service campaigns in which the activ- 
ities in specific communities is explained and illus- 
trated. 

The following books, obtainable either at 
the public libraries or from The Salvation 
Army Supplies Department, are also recom- 


mended : 


In DarkKEstT ENGLAND AND THE Way Ovut.—By 
General William Booth. 


82 Wuat 1s THE SALVATION ARMY? 


— 





The Founder’s own presentation of his concep- 
tion of Salvation Army religious and social service 
enterprise. 

War RoMANCE OF THE SALVATION ARMy.—By 
Commander Evangeline Booth and Grace Liv- 
ingston Hill. 

The story of Salvation Army war service told 
from exclusive sources of information. 


DocTRINES OF THE SALVATION ARMY. 

A useful publication for those wishing to famil- 
larize themselves with the theology of the organi- 
zation. 


LIFE OF COMMISSIONER GEORGE ScoTT RaILToN.— 

By Eileen Douglas and Mildred Duff. 

An entertaining and instructive account of the 
life of the officer who brought the first party of 
pioneers to America in 1880. It is the life story 
of one of the most colorful personalities in Salva- 
tion Army history. 

THE OFFIcIAL LIFE oF GENERAL WILLIAM Boor. 

—By Harold Beghbie. 

In two volumes. One of the very best sources 
of information on Salvation Army history and ac- 
tivity. 

TwicE-Born Men.—By Harold Begbie. 

Called by the author “a clinic in regeneration.” 
Specific instances of reform under Salvation Army 
inspiration and guidance. 


ADDENDA 


Some Interesting Figures on 
Salvation Army Work 


INTERNATIONAL STATISTICS 


(As of October, 1924) 





Countries and’ Colonies; eame eee 81 
Languages in which salvation is preached 53 
Corps and Outposts eee 13,577 
Social Institutions and agencies........ 1,406 
Day Schoolsixi aia Ae et as ae 1,030 
Naval and Military Homes and Hostels 35 
Officers and Cadets: 
Fields: Workin Sac eae 16,976 
SocialiWorkie ace 4,088 
21,064 
Persons without rank wholly employed. . 7,197 
Non-commissioned officers (senior and 
young, people's Vii. cijut wuvgna cw Meee 87,832 
Bandsmene (Senior) ae wre ae 28,908 
Bandsmen (young people’s)........... 9,282 
SOngGSters | MIA ence ene emer ees 39,784 
Corps Cadets iu tasinbitiaeuiee ctrl tee ean teen 25,674 
Number of periodicals published....... 95 


Totals copies uper issue... 37) eee 1,420,311 


UNITED STATES STATISTICS 


(For year ending September, 1923) 


Coma eATIC D CULDOSTES vi. hellid ita eisia'e! se etd» 1,325 
Sriecremend AcAadcts ues eon se) ... 4,090 
Non-commissioned Officers and Bands- 

PTS te Pe ine A We idl Vicia ep « 16,298 
ENGURPIRCTINES hte tte Or ee. 442,485 
Aggregate attendance at indoor meetings.15,883,543 
PIOBMER IE TCCMNOS: ok. Ry olf d ee ews 201,042 
Aggregate attendance at open-air meet- 

hot poe gai mitted 9 4b helpat en Aina 24,178,515 
ahh Te i) be RR OTIS RR et ee 100,159 
Missing friend inquiries.............. 2,419 
RapeeIn ee TeOrieriOuUnid yee ee is else's 627 
MErIROPEE NATL VISE tilde i viaia oy Sohal did as 13,384 
Prisoners assisted on discharge......... 8,132 
Prisoners taken on parole.............. 604 
Persons afforded temporary relief aside 

PePTINSUILUTIONS re foe kc a cietac es 1,634,269 
Total number patients in hospitals..... 30,700 


Notb :—The above figures are intended to supplement those 
given in the chapters on the religious work and the social 
service activities. 


DIRECTORY 


Inquiries for further information on any phase of Salva- 
tion Army work should be addressed to one of the follow- 
ing authorities: 


om 


COMMANDER EVANGELINE C. BOOTH 
Commander U. S: Forces 
National Headquarters 
122 West Fourteenth Street 
New York City 


om 


COMMISSIONER THOMAS ESTILL 
Eastern Territorial Headquarters 
122 West Fourteenth Street 
New York City 


a 


COMMISSIONER WILLIAM PEART 
Central Territorial Headquarters 
713-719 N. State Street 
Chicago, Ill. 


Fa 


LIEUT.-COMMISSIONER ADAM GIFFORD 
Western Territorial Headquarters 
36 McAllister Street 
San -Francisco, Cal. 


HAVE YOU MADE A WILL? 


May we suggest that if you have not done so, it is important 
that you should? 

May we suggest that by naming The Salvation Army for a 
legacy you can, in addition to aiding its work while you are with us— 
and we hope you may long continue in health and strength—help 
provide for its perpetuation and extension after you are gone? 

The following form of bequest may be used. Any information 
or advice will be gladly furnished upon application, either direct or 
through legal advisers, to any one of the following territorial authorities: 
Commissioner Thomas Estill, 122 West 14th Street, New York City, 
for the Eastern Territory; Commissioner William Peart, 713-719 
North State Street, Chicago, for the Central Territory; Lieut.-Com- 
missioner Adam Gifford, 36 McAllister Street, San Francisco, for 
the Western Territory. 


oa 


FORM OF BEQUEST 
I give, devise and bequeath unto The Salvation Army, a corpora- 
tion under the laws of the State of New York, $........ ORY Rea 
property, absolutely for the use and purposes of said Religious and 
Charitable Corporation in support of its religious and charitable work. 


(If it is desired that money be used for any particular 


branch of work, it should be here stated.) 


All checks should be made payable to Ghe Salvation Army 


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